Evolving Systems Course: PGnotes12

Making sense of ourselves in an evolving universe

Paul's notes - Session 12

Course subject: evolution (physical, biological, cultural, individual)

Course method: co-evolution, co-constructive inquiry, evolving by telling/hearing each other's stories, using them to create new ones, individually and collectively = co-constructive dialogue

shared group meeting, dynamics?, thoughts about idividual creativity, role in cultural change?

Course arrangements:

• Fall break, thoughts in course forum
• Get started reading
  • Octavia Butler, Parable of the Sower
  • Apostolos Doxiadis et al, Logicomix: An Epic Search for Truth
• No paper due the Wednesday you get back
• Individual meetings

Thursdays	Group A	Group B
9 am	Elisa	Genesis
9:30	Aijingwen	Julie
2:30	Ilana	Christine
3:00	Angela
3:30	Hillary
4:00	Eva	Valentina
4:30	Mattie	Kayla
5:00	Carolina	Jordan

Dalke class notes

PG on Genes, evolution, science education and science

Culture as consequence of biological evolution?  Addition to biological evolution?  Differs from biological evolution in what ways?

the whole course?	evolution biological and cultural: similarities and differences?	fashion: a test case of cultural evolution as descent with variation and selection?

From the forum:

I’m glad to make connections between cultural evolution and biological evolution, although I’m still wondering about how closely we may equate Lamarck with cultural evolution. Are we trying to say that Lamarck was right but looked for it in biology, which is (obviously) wrong? I would prefer to just write him off as wrong ... ecollier

We valorize ... success because we all want to be the winner ... Lemon Koala (see also SoundsLikeBanana)

about the black and white moths. We figured that neither moth was superior than the other. The moths were instead better equipped/lucky to be around that particular change in the environment. I believe that it accounts for humans as well ... genesisbui

I really do not think culture can change so fast ... There are people in Mexico who still have the culture of the past ... Even though technology came in, the culture is still there alive and string ... One person cannot change the culture .... The big ideas change society and even then there are a lot of cultures that fight back ... CPara

I think that cultural evolution is similar to biological evolution. But they are not the same ... I think that women starting to take leadership positions is the most recent cultural changes experienced by us. I think that this example can well prove that cultural changes in our society are not really controlled by anyone in the top position. The change is driven by the big social environment. It is because that tertiary industries becomes more important than secondary manufacturing industries in most developed countries. Hence man's intrinsic strength is no longer important and required for service-based industries. However, women ,who are believed to have better communicative skills than men, are able to perform better than men ... LAJW

we were discussing whether or not cultural change was intentional, or conscious ... conscious actions ALWAYS result in unconscious change. That is to say, every conscious action made may effect some premeditated change, but it also necessarily creates unexpected change ... Julie G

Last Thursday’s discussion ends up with a debate of whether there are some people consciously motivating and creating a direction for culture change ... I like the idea that we are focusing on an “upside down triangle”, in which universe in at the top, culture lays below and individual is at the bottom. Everything within this triangle has interconnection. But if we agree that everything within the triangle has certain relation, why do we always focus the cause of culture change on human? From my point of view, culture change may not only directed by human, but the universe as a whole ... While I enjoyed the class very much, I experienced a sense of anxiety afterwards. If everything in the world has the regulation, if everything is controlled by the same rule and is advancing a  predetermined destination, is the world as colorful as we think? It is interesting to see the future of universe or culture change because it takes a relatively long time to happen compared with my life time. But frankly to say, I am afraid to apply the rule of universe to my own life and reluctant to see what I would become in the future ... elisagogogo

It is my opinion that it's not one person or one group of elites who pick what comes next, but it's not totally the masses either ... we build off each other to produce what comes next. It's not one or the other ... the internet adds a new dimension to pop culture and fashion and whatnot and also makes it unpredictable because the most random things go viral and nobody can guess what will come next because it hasn't been made yet ... Jordania

Cultural diversity is all built off of the environment and whatever that particular culture has influencing it. Random circumstances and situations occur that influence a culture ... I appreciate all the differences we do have.  Without them, the world would be pointless and boring ... Angela_MCA

Though we will likely never be capable of pointing to an origin for every aspect of this distinct culture, for now, we can just sit back and appreciate the madness that is “lax bros” and wait for the next trend to come along ... Valentina

I think in many cases there are random factors that lead up to great cultural change which could have evolved from what was once conscious choices, as well as other entirely random things.  Weather, other historical events, etc.  To say it was all one or all the other would be simply misleading ... Unconscious action could lead to conscious change and vice versa.  If we had no say in the matter, how would things be different?  It also just feels odd to characterize cultural change as random because it implies that we  lack choice ... I guess I feel inclined to constantly deny an argument implying that consciousness doesn't have some kind of impact ... Imittelman

Further thoughts from thinking about language, about cornets, about thought itself?

• Elisabeth Penissi, Speaking in tongues and The first language,  in  Science Magazine 303, 5662 (February 27, 2004)
• Margaret Wertheim, "Niles Eldredge: Bursts of Cornets and Evolution." New York Times (March 9, 2004)
  

• Creole Languages, Scientific American, 1993
• The Geography of Thought, Richard Nisbett, 2003

The relation between individuals and cultures

"There is a theory which states that if ever anyone discovers exactly what the Universe is for and why it is here, it will instantly disappear and be replaced by something even more bizarre and inexplicable.  There is another theory which states that this has already happened." ... Douglas Adams, Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy (thanks to Sarah Ann)

"science itself will teach man... that he himself is something of the nature of a piano-key or the stop of an organ... so that everything he does is not done by his willing it, but is done of itself, by the laws of nature....even if this were proved to him by natural science and mathematics, even then he would not become reasonable, but would purposely do something perverse out of simple ingratitude, simply to gain his point.... the whole work of man really seems to consist in nothing but proving to himself every minute that he is a man and not a piano-key!" .... Fyodor Dotoevsky, Notes From Underground, 1864

Patterns of cultural change over long time scales - Renfrew

"If the genetic characteristics of our species .. emerged as many a 150,000 years ago in Africa, and if the humans who dispersed out of Africa some 60,000 years ago were closely similar to each other but also to ourselves in their genotype, why did it take such a long time before the emergence of those distinctly more modern behaviors that became apparent at the time of the agricultural revoution?"  (p 80)

Within the tectonic phase, the evolution that is taking place is essentially cultural evolution (p83) [and is different in different places]

the shared ideas, concepts, and conventions ... specific to each trajectory of devleopment ... guided and conditioned further innovation .... it is necessary to try and outline a prehistory of mind, a cognitive archeology (p87-88)

Cultural evolution influenced by biological evolution but not determined by it, additionally influenced by its own internal organization with propensities for stasis/change, by its own interactions with physical/living environment, but individual creativity/agency?