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Retina is a thin layer of tissues with bunch of neuroreceptors that send messages to the brain. Light goes in through the pupil and is absorbed by retina. Therefore, the pupil is black becaue no light comes out. However, when too much light is given off, light is reflected back out of the pupil. Considering all of this, why is there a tendency for people with lighter-colored eyes tend to give off light more often than people with darker-colored eyes? Also, why can people with lighter-colored eyes see better in the dark?

In another note, I think one of the reasons why the picture in our heads doesn't match up with the real picture has to do with saving energy and putting that saved energy to better use for survival.